MARINE ECOLOGY
Marine ecology is a subset of the study of marine biology and includes observations at the biochemical, cellular, individual, and community levels as well as the study of marine ecosystems and the biosphere.
The study of marine ecology also includes the influence of geology, geography, meteorology, pedology, chemistry, and physics on marine environments. The impact of human activity such as medical research, development, agriculture, fisheries, and forestry is also studied under marine ecology. In some ways, marine ecology is more complex than the relatively straightforward study of a particular organism or environment because of the numerous interconnections, symbiotic relationships, and influence of many factors on a particular environment.
- Physiological ecology: the study of how biotic and abiotic factors act on the physiological characteristics of an organism and how the organism adapts to the abiotic and biotic environment.
- Behavioral ecology: a subcategory of ecology that studies which ecological and evolutionary dynamics are responsible for the way in which organisms adapt to their environment.
- Population ecology: the study of populations of organisms in a particular species and how the populations interact with their environment.
- Community ecology: the study of how species react to each other in a community.
- Landscape ecology: the study of how organisms interact with a particular landscape.
- Ecosystem ecology: the study of how energy and matter flow through ecosystems.
- Global ecology: the study of how energy and matter interact in the entire web of life on Earth.
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